What is Consensus-Based Decision-Making?
Consensus-based decision-making is a governance approach where board members work toward a solution that everyone can accept, rather than simply relying on a majority vote. Unlike simple majority decisions, consensus prioritizes:
Collaboration
Transparency
Mutual agreement
Consensus does not mean complete unanimity, but rather an agreement that all members can support or live with, even if it is not their first choice.
Example:
A condominium board is deciding on a new landscaping contractor. Rather than voting immediately, members discuss, address concerns, and adjust proposals until all can accept the decision.
Comparing Consensus vs. Majority Vote Models
Majority Vote Decision-Making (Traditional Model)
A simple majority (more than 50%) determines the outcome.
Often used when quick decisions are needed.
Pros: Fast, efficient, widely understood.
Cons: Can lead to division if a large minority disagrees.
Example: A board votes 4-3 to raise condominium fees. The dissenting members feel unheard, leading to ongoing disputes.
Consensus-Based Decision-Making
Aims for broad agreement rather than a simple majority.
Requires open discussion and compromise.
Pros: Encourages cooperation, buy-in, and reduces conflict.
Cons: Can take longer and may require mediation.
Example:
A board discusses a fee increase, allowing concerns to be addressed before finalizing a decision that all members can support.
Benefits of Consensus Decision-Making
Consensus governance offers several advantages in condominium boards:
Improved Collaboration: Board members feel respected and valued.
Reduced Conflict: Decisions reflect broader input, minimizing disputes.
Stronger Stakeholder Buy-In: Owners and board members are more likely to support decisions they helped shape.
Legal & Compliance Benefits: Encourages alignment with the Condominium Property Act (CPA) by ensuring all viewpoints are considered.
Legislative Reference:
According to the Condominium Property Act, boards must act in the best interest of the corporation, meaning decisions should reflect broad stakeholder concerns rather than the preferences of a small majority.
Challenges in Consensus Decision-Making
While beneficial, consensus-building also presents challenges:
Time-Consuming: Reaching agreement can slow decision-making.
Risk of Deadlock: When disagreements persist, decisions may be delayed.
Compromises Needed: Not every board member will fully get what they want.
Solution:
To overcome these challenges, boards should:
Set clear discussion time limits.
Use facilitators to guide complex discussions.
Focus on shared goals and best interests of the condominium corporation.
Practical Application: Board Meeting Role-Play
Scenario:
A condominium board must decide whether to allow short-term rentals (e.g., Airbnb) in the building. Board members have different viewpoints, with some arguing for increased revenue potential while others raise security concerns.
Task:
Facilitate a Consensus-Based Discussion:
Identify key concerns from all board members.
Find common ground (e.g., agreeing on stricter rental rules rather than an outright ban).
Work toward a mutually acceptable policy.
Evaluate the Decision-Making Model Used:
Would a majority vote have led to greater division?
Did consensus-building improve understanding and cooperation?
